History
In 81AD, the Republic is but a fading memory, and Rome has controlled the whole of the Mediterranean for virtually all of living memory. However, Romans have a strong sense of history and families cherish their traditions and the stories of their ancestors.
From its mythical founding in 753BC until the beginning of the Republic in 509BC, Rome was ruled by kings; first its founder Romulus and his chosen successors, and later by Etruscan usurpers. When the last king, Tarquin the Proud, raped the sister of Brutus, a prominent nobleman, Brutus lead a rebellion that overthrew the monarch and established the Republic. This same Brutus was a distant ancestor of Caesar's assassin, Marcus Junius Brutus.
Great events of the past
753BC - Founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus.
509BC - Etruscan kings overthrown, beginning of the Republic.
499-448BC - Persian Wars in Greece.
431-404BC - Peloponnesian War in Greece.
390BC - Gauls sack Rome.
365-323BC - Life of Alexander the Great.
340-268BC - Rome consolidates power in Italy.
264-241BC; 218-201BC; 149-146BC - Punic Wars.
133-121BC - Gracchi brothers reform Roman government and land ownership, are assassinated.
107-100BC - Rule of Gaius Marius.
91-88BC - Social War.
81-79BC - Dictatorship of Sulla.
73-70BC - Spartacus slave revolt.
49-46BC - Civil War between Caesar and Pompey.
44BC - Julius Caesar assasinated.
42BC - Battle of Phillipi; Mark Anthony and Caesar's heir, Octavian, defeat the assassins Cassius and Brutus.
37-4BC Herod the Great rules Judea.
31BC - Octavian defeats Mark Anthony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium.
27BC - Octavian becomes the first emperor, Augustus.
c. 8BC-6AD - Jesus born.
Events at the edge of living memory (2-21AD)
5AD - Judea becomes a Roman province.
6-9AD - Legions in Pannonia (modern Yugoslavia) revolt.
9AD - Three legions destroyed in Teutoburg forest. The Rhine becomes the Roman-German frontier.
14AD - Emperor Augustus dies, is succeded by his son-in-law, Tiberius.
Events of your grandfather's generation (22-41AD)
26-31AD - Tiberius retires to Capri; Terror of Sejanus, commander of the Praetorian Guard.
c. 30-33AD - Jesus executed in Jerusalem.
37AD - Emperor Tiberius dies, is succeded by his grand-nephew, Gaius (Caligula).
41AD - Emperor Caligula assassinated, is succeded by his uncle, Claudius.
Events of your father's generation (42-61AD)
43-50AD - Roman invasion of Britain.
48AD - Claudius executes his wife Messalina for conspiracy. Later marries his niece, Agrippina.
49AD - Claudius expels the Christians from Rome. Philosopher Seneca made tutor of Claudius's grand-nephew Nero.
54AD - Emperor Claudius dies, suspected of being poisoned. Is succeded by Nero.
58AD - Nero declares war against Parthia.
59AD - Nero orders the murder of his mother, Agrippina.
c. 60AD - Boudica revolt in Britain. Paul in Rome.
Events of your generation (62-81AD)
63AD - Parthian War ends, Armenia becomes a Roman client state.
64AD - Great Fire of Rome.
c. 64-68AD Peter and Paul executed.
c. 65AD - Gospel "Q" written.
65AD Conspirary of Piso against Nero; Seneca is implicated, commits suicide.
66-73AD - Jewish-Roman War.
68AD - Emperor Nero overthrown, commits suicide. Civil War begins.
69AD - Year of the Four Emperors. Galba, Otho, and Vitellius seize the throne in quick succession. Vespasian defeats Vitellius, is proclaimed emperor.
69-70AD - Rebellion in German provinces.
70AD - Destruction of Jerusalem.
c. 70AD - Gospel of Mark written.
71AD - Campaigns in Wales and Scotland.
73AD - Fall of the Jewish citadel of Masada.
78AD-present - Campaings of Agricola in Britain
79AD - Vespesian dies, is succeded by his son, Titus. Eruption of Mt. Vesuvius.
80AD - Fire in Rome; destruction of the Capitoline Temple. Opening of the Colosseum.
c. 80AD - Gospels of Matthew and Luke written.
81AD - Titus dies, is succeded by his brother, Domitian.
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